function extract
    if test (count $argv) -lt 1
        echo "Usage: extract <archive(s)> [output_directory]"
        return 1
    end

    set archives $argv
    set output_dir "."
    set use_custom_dir 0

    # If exactly 2 args and second is a directory (or doesn't exist yet), treat it as output dir
    if test (count $argv) -eq 2
        set maybe_dir $argv[2]
        if test -d "$maybe_dir"; or not test -e "$maybe_dir"
            set output_dir "$maybe_dir"
            mkdir -p "$output_dir"
            set archives $argv[1]
            set use_custom_dir 1
        end
    end

    # Detect multiple archives
    set multi 0
    if test (count $archives) -gt 1
        set multi 1
    end

    for archive in $archives
        if not test -f "$archive"
            echo "extract: '$archive' is not a valid file"
            continue
        end

        # Determine base name (strip extensions)
        set base (string replace -r '\.(tar\.gz|tgz|tar\.bz2|tbz2|tar\.xz|txz|gz|bz2|xz|zst|zip|7z|rar)$' '' (basename "$archive"))

        # Decide target directory
        if test $multi -eq 1
            set target_dir "$base"
        else if test $use_custom_dir -eq 1
            set target_dir "$output_dir"
        else
            set target_dir "$base"
        end

        mkdir -p "$target_dir"

        set mime (file --mime-type -b "$archive")

        switch $mime
            case 'application/x-tar'
                tar -xvf "$archive" -C "$target_dir"
            case 'application/gzip'
                tar xvzf "$archive" -C "$target_dir"
            case 'application/x-bzip2'
                tar xvjf "$archive" -C "$target_dir"
            case 'application/x-xz'
                tar xvJf "$archive" -C "$target_dir"
            case 'application/zstd'
                tar --zstd -xvf "$archive" -C "$target_dir"
            case 'application/zip'
                unzip "$archive" -d "$target_dir"
            case 'application/x-7z-compressed'
                7z x "$archive" -o"$target_dir"
            case 'application/x-rar' 'application/vnd.rar'
                unrar x -o+ "$archive" "$target_dir"
            case '*'
                echo "extract: unknown file type for '$archive' ($mime)"
                continue
        end
    end
end